Pronouns

Observe esta frase: I like him. He doesn't like me.
I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they podem ser chamados de subject pronouns, são os sujeitos da frase. Já me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them são object pronouns, os objectos do verbo.

Agora veja este exemplo: This is not his book, it's mine.
Nesta frase temos, em vez disso, possessive adjectives (adjetivos possessivos - my, his, her, its, our, your, their) e possessive pronouns (pronomes possessivos - mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs).

É importante notar que não se coloca o substantivo depois dos pronomes possessivos. Por isso dizemos "It's mine", e não "It's mine pen".

Aqui uma lista dos pronomes possessivos e adjetivos possessivos, além de mais exemplos: http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/possessive_pronouns_adjectives.php

Exercise:

Complete the dialogue with the appropriate pronouns or possessive adjectives.

1. What's your name?______ name's Laura.
2. How old are _____?
3. I'm 35.
4. What's ______ address?
5. ____ is 1456 Assis Brasil St.
6. Do you have children?
7. Yes, a boy and a girl. _____ are 9 and 11.
8. What are ______ names?
9. John and Susie.
10. Is this your ID?
11. Yes, it's ______.
12. Can I have a look at _____?
13. Sure. Here it is.
14. Ok, thank you. I only have a few more questions.
15. Right.
16. Is Jack Smith a friend of ______?
17. Yes, he is.
18. How well do you know ______?
19. Quite well. We've been friends for almost 5 years.
20. Did you know _____ is accused of being a drug dealer?
21. Jack, a drug dealer? No, there must be a mistake.
22. Does he seem trustworthy?
23. Yes, very! _____________ trusts him!
24. Ok, Ms. Laura, thank ______ for ______ answers.
25. No problem. But don't arrest Jack. It's not _____ you want. It's Michael....

As respostas serão inseridas assim que possível. Envie-nos um e-mail ou deixe um comentário se surgir qualquer dúvida.

Present Simple

Preste atenção nas frases abaixo (os verbos estão em negrito):


I walk to school every day.
You talk too fast!
Mary likes video games.
We chat all the time about sports.
You look very happy together.
Mary and Antonio listen to Madonna during classes.

Observe que o verbo na terceira pessoa (he, she, it) sempre acaba em -s.


Quando transformamos essas frases em negativas ou em perguntas, precisamos do auxiliar do ou does, don't ou doesn't. Does e doesn't são também usados com he, she e it.


I don't run, I can't. Do you exercise? Mary does, but she doesn't like it very much. Does she talk about me often? We don't get along well. Mary and Laura don't get along either. Do they look like they are friends?


Sempre que usamos verbos auxiliares, seja na negativa ou em perguntas, não modificamos o verbo na terceira pessoa. Por isso "she doesn't like" e não "she doesn't likes".

Este site contém ótimo resumo desse conteúdo, assim como explicação sobre seu uso e também outros exemplos: http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/present_simple.php

Aqui exercícios de níveis variados de dificuldade sobre este assunto: http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/complex_tests/simple_present1/index.php

Good luck!

There is, there are

There is / there are são usados para descrever o que há num lugar, numa imagem, etc. 

There is a rat in the kitchen! (singular)

There are only five girls in my class. (plural)
There + is/are + substantivo

Pode-se também utilizar some quando não se tem uma noção precisa de quantidade.

There's some tea left. Do you want it?

There are some girls in my school who are mean.

A forma negativa pode ser feita de duas formas principais:

There is no one in Mary's house.
There is nothing here for you.
There are no parking spaces left.
There + is/are + no


There isn't anyone in Mary's house.
There isn't anything I wouldn't do for you.
There aren't any job offers in the newspaper today.
There + isn't/aren't + any

Ou seja, se construímos a oração com "no", já há negação, portanto o verbo é afirmativo. Se, por outro lado, o verbo é negativo (isn't, aren't), não se faz dupla negação (com o "no").

Em orações interrogativas, pode-se utilizar any.

Is there (any) food on the fridge?

Are there (any) sauces you don't like?

Is/are + there + (any) + substantivo

Some exercises

1.  Complete with IS or ARE: http://www.english-zone.com/verbs/thereisare1.html

2. Descubra as sete diferenças entre as fotos:  

http://ellen.warnerbros.com/2009/06/new_spot_the_differences_photo_119.php

Depois complete com is, are, isn't ou aren't.

a) In the first picture, there _______ water on Ellen's glass. In the second picture, there _________.

b) In both pictures, there ______ two people, Ellen and a guest.

c) There _____ also a camera man, but only part of the camera can be seen.

d) There _____ a toy beaver too. In the second picture his tale ____ up.

e) There _____ two small blue chairs near the man. In the second picture there _____ no details in one chair.

f) There _____ any children in the pictures.

3. Get to know René Magritte

Responda as perguntas que se seguem baseando-se na leitura da imagem e do texto abaixo.

Magritte says of his pipe: 'people criticize me enough for it! Yet, could you stuff my pipe? No, it’s just a representation. So if I write “This is a pipe” below the picture,  it will be a lie.'    The Treachery of Images (This is Not a Pipe), 1928-29    Photograph: ADAGP, Paris/DACS London 2011.    Link: http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/gallery/2011 a)     What object is there in the picture? b)    What is the name of the author? c)     Magritte says 'this is not a pipe'. What does he mean?      (    ) The drawing shows a different object, not a pipe.      (    ) The drawing of an object is not an object. It isn't "real",  it's a representation. d)    What is the opposite of "lie"? e)     In this case, is "criticize" positive or negative? f)     Do you agree with Magritte's statement? * Você pode enviar suas respostas como comentário ou por e-mail. Responderemos assim que possível. Answers:  2. a) isnt; is     d) is; is b) are          e) are; are c) is            f) aren't